Ammonium chloride (NH4Cl) is a colorless, odorless, and highly soluble crystalline compound that has a variety of uses in different industries. It is commonly known as "sal ammoniac" and is widely available in the market as a white powder.
China is one of the world's largest producers and exporters of ammonium chloride, with an annual production capacity of millions of tons. Chinese manufacturers offer both technical-grade and food-grade ammonium chloride, which are widely used as a raw material and an ingredient in various applications.
Chemical Properties and Applications
Ammonium chloride is primarily composed of ammonium (NH4+) and chloride (Cl-) ions. It is a mild acid and has a pH level of approximately 4.6 when dissolved in water. The compound is hygroscopic, meaning it attracts moisture from the air, and can form a damp solid or liquid when exposed to humidity.
Ammonium chloride has a wide range of applications across industries such as agriculture, food processing, pharmaceuticals, and metallurgy. It is also used in manufacturing various chemicals, such as fertilizers, dyes, and batteries.
In agriculture, ammonium chloride is used as a nitrogen fertilizer, as it provides a readily available form of nitrogen that can be easily absorbed by plants. It is also used as an animal feed additive, aiding in digestion and promoting growth.
In the food industry, ammonium chloride is used as a food additive, particularly in the production of confectionery and baked goods. It is used as a leavening agent, controlling the pH level and texture of the dough, resulting in a better-quality product.
In the pharmaceutical industry, ammonium chloride is used as an expectorant, helping to loosen mucus and relieve coughs. It is also used as an electrolyte replacement in intravenous fluids.
In metallurgy, ammonium chloride is used as a flux, a substance that helps to remove impurities and reduce the melting point of metals in the fabrication of brass and bronze.
Safety and Handling
Ammonium chloride is considered generally safe for use in the industries where it is applied. However, it should be handled with care, as it can cause irritation to the skin and eyes, and can be harmful if ingested or inhaled. Proper protective equipment, such as gloves and masks, should be used when handling the compound.
To summarize, ammonium chloride is a versatile and in-demand compound, used in a variety of industries and applications. China is a leading producer and supplier of ammonium chloride, offering both technical and food-grade varieties. As with any chemical compound, proper handling, and safety precautions must always be observed to ensure a safe and efficient application.